CHAdeMO standard and design
CHAdeMO is an association that specify the standards for DC fast-charging system which include:
- technical design and requirement for charging components of EV Charging Station(charger and cable assembly) and required operation on the EV side.
- protocol between EV Charging Station(Electrical Vehicle Supply Equipment - EVSE) and EV.
- bi-directional charging function vehicle-to-grid/vehicle-grid-integration (V2G/VGI).
all of them is specified in 1 specification with additional guideline on bidirectional V2L/V2H.
Timeline of CHAdeMO protocol standards:
- 0.9: Most CHAdeMO chargers deployed worldwide work according to the 0.9 protocol.
- 1.0: The vehicle protection, compatibility and reliability enhanced.
- 1.1: Dynamic change of the current during charging enabled, emergency stop button made optional and a smaller cable diameters for V2H included.
- 1.2: Allowing for 200kW, with protection against over-temperature; overload/short-circuit current protection and coordination.
- 2.0: High power charging (up to 400kW), enabling large commercial vehicles, compatible with plug-and-charge functionality.
- 3.0: Ultra-high-power charging enabling over 500kW of power and using the next-gen plug ‘ChaoJi’
The latest CHAdeMO Protocol (3.0) allows for up to 900kW of charging (600A x 1.5kV).
With the new edition of CHAdeMO, it shall be in co-development with China Electricity Council (CEC) GB/T 27930 standard to create a new High Power charging standard ChaoJi.
Further information can be collected in their site chademo.com
I. Specification
CHAdeMO technical specification is divided into 3 parts:
Part1. Standard - essential design requirements, and basic functionalities for DC quick charging such as:
- structural(mechanical component and hardware circuitry), and performance of charging assembly.
- monitoring, diagnostic and protection functions against thermal and electrical hazards.
- communication interface: CAN and additional IO control signal lines.
- charging control operations.
Part2. Extended: extend functionalities, without undermining the standard function define in Part1
- dynamic charging control, high current, high voltage
Part3. Compatibility: specify protocol compatibility between Charger and Vehicle during charging control operation. In addition it also specify the handling of compatibility between different manufacturer’s specific functions.
II. Charging System
DC+/DC-: DC power supplied power
FG (PE): Ground reference for control lines
SS1/SS2: Charge sequence signal start/stop charging
N/C: Reserved, not connected.
DCP: Charging enable vehicle grants EVSE permission to connect power
PP: Connector proximity detection charge interlock, disables drivetrain while connected
C-H/C-L: CAN bus communication with vehicle bus to establish operational parameters
Simplified CHAdeMO DC charging assembly components:
// Specific notes The charging monitoring and control operation can be coming both CS and EV.
III. Software Architecture Design
III.1 OSI Layered model
// SW layered in term of OSI model
III.2 Charger side
// Application software component design
III.3 Vehicle side
// Application software component design